Adding-machine.



G.- s. BOLLEN'SBN.

EINE. APILICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1912.

ADDING MAG YRN v fwn Genga/1,00

G. S. BOLLENSEN.

ADDING MAGEINE. APPLIUATION FILED sEPTao. 1912.

1,074,639. Patented 061;?,1913

4 SHEETS-HEBT z.

Y G. S. BOLLENSEN.

ADDING muslims.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1912.

Patented Oct. 7', 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET s4 v G. S. BOLLBNSEN.

ADDING MACHINE.

MPLIGATION FILED $111,130A 1912.

Patented Oct. 7, 1913'.

q SHEETS-s111121' 4.

tntirnn salaires PATENT OFFICE,

GEORGE STENINGER BQLLENSEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS7 ASSIGNOR TO FELT & TARRATTT MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 7,1913.

Application tiled September 30, 1912. Serial )Sla-723,035.

To all whom it may concern.'

lle it. known that l. Gremien S. BoLLnNsnN, a citizen oi' the llnited States. residing in Chango, in the counti`Y of Cook and State ot' illinois.y have invented a new and useful Improvement in jrdding-lllachines, of which tn following" is a specification.

Illy invention relates to multiple-order lievlnmrd adding-machines, and is herein particularly shovvn as embodied in a multiple-order hey-driven duplexing calculatinganachine. the Well-known comptometer set forth in lsuch prior Felt patents as Nos.

' f "'Ttlil of June, 190i; 767,107 'rt 9, 190i; Qtdl of June 7, 1910; and .)EloOll of June 20, 1911.

The invention has for an object the special adapting of such adding-machines to direct additive computations involving the use of common fractions of high denominator values. rind the invention has for further objects such other improvements in structure or function may be found to obtain in the devices hereinafter described or claimed.

ln the accompanying drawings forming' a part of this specification, Figurel is a top plan vieu' of the keyboard of a eomp tometer adapted to embody my invention; Fig. 2 is a section on the' line '2-2 of Fig. lzltin'. 3 is a section on the line" 3-3 of Fie. l; Figi'. el is a section on the line ele-l oi rig. l: Fig'. o is a diagram of the notationon therim of the lower' or right-hand of the two fractional numeral-Wheels Figi. t3 is a like diagram of lthe higher or lefthand of said fractional minieral-uheels; Fie'. T an enlarged detail side vien' of one of the usual carrying-cams that impart cartyingr movements to the tn'dinarj7 decimal numoral-wheelsg Fig. t? a like view of the, special cai,i ving-f 'am for imparting to the higher of the tivo fractional numeral-Wheels carrying' movements that are each greater than one-tenth of a rotation; Fig". t) is an enlarged side view of the carrying lever of usual forni that coactsy .vitli the carrVing'- cam in cach decimal order of the machine:

and Fig. 10 is a like View of the special carryingdever that coacts With the special carrying-cam shown in Fig. S.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts in all the figures.

In machines of this character the require# ments of high speed and lightness of action and uniformity of key-touch impose limitations upon the size and Weight of the numeral ivheels and the devices that immediately control them, and consequently it has been found impracticable to subdivide the numeral-Wheels into more than aboutten. or tvvelve reading spaces, or to have them actuated less than about one-tenth or onetwelfth of a rotation at an)7 one impulse. As a result of this condition, it has not been practicable to so arrange the numeral Wheels and their actuating mechanism as to provide for the direct addition of common fractions of a denominator value greater than.

`or an actual value less than, about tenths or tivelfths of unity. But b v my present invention, I am able conveniently to effec-tv hand wheel in multiple of or exceeding the numerator values on the next lower or right hand wheel, and by providing lievs determining the. adding` movements of these numeral vvheels and designating corresponding fractional values. The commen denominator value will b at least one more than tlietotal number of mutuall \1 dil'l'crcnt significant readings on all said wheels. Such of the fractions as". can be reduced to lovver v,terms may` if desired, have their numerator vand denominator values so expressed on for I have shovv'n a pair of numeral-Wheels, and

corresponding keys, for edecting the adding 'of thirty-seconds, although neither numeralvvheel is subdivided into more than eight reading spaces or has a mininnun one-step movement. of less than one-eighth of a rotation. But, fdr instance, by -the employment of a pair of Wheels each subdivided into tivelve readings (eleven significant and one blank), and each having a corresponding series of eleven actuating keys, and. with said vvheels and keys all bearingcommon fractions of one common denominator value, l would be able to effect the direct addition of fractions of as high a denominator value,or as small an actual value, as one-hundredand-forty-fourths, giving ay minimum addl ing capacity of i/lllll, anda maximum fractional addition, at one operation, of @LeS/144. Fractions having still greater common denominator values may be handled' either by further subdividing the wheels int-0 a greater number of readings or by employing more than tivo of the fractional jvvheels. And' one of the fractional Wheels may be provided with an alternating repetition of one fraction and a blank, and arranged to carry at each alternate one-step movement, so that it may be controlled 'either by one key nearing the same fraction 'that it registers, or by a series of keys including the same fraction that it registers and the successively higher values registerable' through the plurality of carryings imparted to the nextI higher order in each rotation of such wheeh-for instance, to illustrate the Wide range of possibilities thus opened up employing tivo wheels each having twelve readings. the lefthand vvheel might register f2/521i, Al/2li, 6 6/2477 l 8/2437 c :l0/24:57? c 121/24,?? M14/24C, C( c 18/2479 ci Q10/24,7? u 22/24777 and a blank, and have eleven keys bearing corresponding significant readings, While the right-hand or lotver Wheel would shon1 six repetitions of 1/524 alternating with six blanks, and carry at each alternate one-step advance, and either have only a key marked l/Q-t or a series of keys marked 1/24, f3/24;, t3/24 and Ui/24; or the lefthand Wheel might show sin repetitions of ft2/2a alternating with six blanks, and carry a whole unit to the nef-:t higher Wheel at each alternate one-step advance and have only a key marked 12/24. While the rightterasse hand or lovver fractional Wheel would register t /Qll, 4t 2724,97 LL 3/24', C jr/24,77 C4 erj/QAIH @#34519 cc 7/24797 c4 S/24397 :c 9/2477 cc 10/2477 "l1/24, and a blank, and have eleven keys bearing corresponding significant. readings. lliese last. several examplesv particularly illustrate the possibilities of employing a small number of'keys for making direct computations in common fractions of high denominator values l In the plan view shown in the drawings, it will be observed that the fractional keys, as vvell as the corresponding numeral- `wheels, bear common fractions all having thirty-seconds as denominators, and that the right-hand or loiver series of such fractional keys, and the corresponding numeral Wheel, bear numerator-,values of, respectively, 1, 2 and 3, While the nume ator values on the nent higher orleft-hand series or order of keys, and'its'l corresponding numeral-Wheel, are, respectively, +L 8, :c1271: e416, 4:20p: 4247 und 4:28.?? Any number of thirty-seconds, less than unity, can be immediately added, either-by 'striking the key bearing the required numerator, if such numerator appears on any one key in either of the tvvo fractional orders, or else by striking tivo keys the sum of Whose numerators equal the required numerator. For instance, 2/32 can be registered by simply striking the key so marked in the lower or vright-hand fractional column; or 20/32 can be registered by simply striking the key so marked in the higher or left-hand fractional column; and 7/32 can be registered by simply striking simultaneously or successively the keys respectively marked 4c/32 and 3/32. In similar manner the result is read from the tivo fractional numeralivheels by simply summing the tivo numerators that appear in the sight openings, the denominators being the same on both of said fractional wheels. Such sum will alivays be less than unity.

Q0 is the lovver or right-hand fractional numeral-Wheel, having prime actuatingand-controllingl mechanism of the ordinary bears fourmreadings, namely, 1./32, 2/32, 3/32 and a. blank, said readings being spaced degrees apart.

Q1 is the higher or left-hand fractional numeral-Wheel, having its prime actuatingand-controlling devices of the ordinary form employed in the adding of eirhths, and bearing eight readings, namely, E2li/32, 8/32, ia/se, iti/32;? @o4/a2, Qi/se, Q8/32 and ablank, said readings being spaced 45 `deg'frees apart.

Q2, 22, -are the higher numeral-wheels of the brdinary form and having the ordinary actuating mechanism for the adding of the integers of decimal notation.

form employed in adding quarters, and it 23 is the column actuator driven by the keys 24, 24:, for act-uatlng the aforesaid ower i or right-hand fractional numeral Wheel 20.

25 is the Ycolumn actuator drivenby the keys 26, 26,4 for actuating the higher or leftlhand fractional numeral-wheel 21.

" 27, 27 are the column actuators driven by the keys 28, 28, for actuating the integerbearing numeral-wheels 22, 22. l

In t e particular arrangement of frac- ,tional notation shown in the 4accompanying drawings, therelations of the numerator values in the two fractional columns are i' s'uch as to, require that the left-hand or 15 f an impulse of the carrying mechanism being only 'a one-tenth, or even less part, of a rotationA 'of thel carried numeral wheel. (The usual carrying ymechanism is familiai-ly exemplified in the Well-known lduplex comptomete'rs 4that .are particularly described, as to said feature, in the Felt Patents 762,520, 762,521 and 996,009, the lastnamed recent Felt patent, issued June 2Q, 1911, discussing especially the operation of the carrying mechanism parts whose further changes are here next mentioned.) To enable thecarrying mechanismpactuated by the lower or right-hand fractional numeralwheel to impart to the higher or left-hand feactional numeral-Wheel the aforesaid greater movement of@ of a rotation of said higher wheel, it has beenneeessary to provide thatthe carrying lever shall have a greater amplitude of movement than in the caseV of thecarrying levers that impart carrying' impulses to the higher Wheels that bear the integersof the ordinary decimal notation. To effect this greater movement of this particular carrying lever, the carrying cam 29 that impels it is recessed, at 30, more deeply than is the case in the ordinary carrying cams 31, suoli as are employed in the carrying mechanism in the higher orders or' the machine. And this' deeper recessing in the said carrying cam 29 accommodates a larger dolly roll, 32, on the special carrying lever, 33, as compared with the ldolly roll 3 4 on the ordinary form of carrying lever 35. The greater radius of this dollyroll of course gives the carrying-lever a throw of greater amplitude when the said roll rides over the cam. The special carryingll'ever 33 is also provided with a carrying pa'wl, 36, that is so formedas to be'longerv than the carrying pawl 37 on the ordinary 'carryinglever 35.

This increased length of the carrying-pawl enables thepaw its Wheel. the throw ofgreater amplitudev that the larger dolly-roll gives to the carrying-lever that bears said paWl.` The. body of the special carrying lever, 33, is also shaped out, at 38, to accommodate the action of the larger dolly-roll 32. Through these'special changes it becomes possible to handle common fractions whose large de nominator values and particular numerator values are in siich relation as to require the use of a higher orleft-hand fractional numeral-wheel that has a minimum possible movement greater 'than one-tenth of a rotation. But in many possible combinations of fractional Wheels for handling common fractions of high denominator value, some examples of which have been hereinabove mentioned, no such modification of the carrying devices is required. i

For the purpose of performing subtraction and other negative computations, by the usual processes of complemental addition, it is only necessary that the fractional keys shall also bear negative markings analogous to the co-digits marked on the keys used for thel addition of integers. The negative marking ,on any one of these fractional keys would in everyinstance be a fraction having t the same denominator value as the positive marking on the same key, but having a numerator value equal to the difference between the positive numerator value on the same key and the greatest numerator' valuev in the same column of keys. F or instance, in the machine shown in the drawings, the negative marking on the key whose positive marking is 1/32 wouldbe` 2/32; and the negative marking on the key whose positive marking is 8/32 would be 20/32.- These negative markings would, as usual, be distinguished from the positive markings by being in smaller' figures and, preferably, in a distinguishing color. In subtracting by means of .such negative markings,-if the fraction to be subtracted were the same as any one of the positive key-markings, the operator 'would touch the key having a negative marking of next lower value, in the sa me column of keys; but if the fraction to be suini-acted were one of a numerator value not 4app'em-ing in and less than any positive marking on the keys, then the `operator would touch the key having the nent lower value in negative marking in the `left-hand of the two columns of fractional keys and also touch in the right-hand column the key whosev negative marking is `next lower in value than the difference between the fraction to be subtracted and the negative niark- Y on the aforesaid key touched in the lefthand column; or-if the proper fractionxto vim be subtracted were one of a numerator value greater than `any Vpositive marking' on the keys, lthenthe operator `would touch-only the negative marking, in the right-hand column, that is of next lower value than the difference between the fraction to be subtracted and .highest positive marking in the left-hand column. I

The usual subtraction rules-would be followed as to using t-he subtraction levers t0 intercept 1 the A false carry; and also as to touchi-ng the topmost 'key in columns. to the left of the keys used for registering the subtracted fraction, in any instance Where the registration standing on the corresponding wheels happened to be lessthan the amount to be subtracted. For instance, in the machine shown in the drawings, if the righthand fractional wheel read 3/32 and the left-'hand fractional Wheel 28/32 and it were desired to subtract l/32 theoperator would strike the key in the right-hand columnhaving the negative value O/32 (which-would be the key having the positive reading E3/32) or were it desired'to subtract ll/32, the operator would strike the key in the left-hand fractional column having the negativej'value 0/32 (which would be the' key having the positive reading Q8/32); vor were'it desired to subtract 5/32', the loperatornvould strike the key in the left-hand column having the negative value 4/32. (which would be the key hav- .ing the positive reading Q4/32) and also strike the key inthe right-hand column having the negative value ,0/32 (which would Abe the key having the positive reading 3/32) or were it desired to subtract 2Q/32, the

operator would strike only the key in the right-hand column having the negative marking O/BQ (which would be the key having the positive reading 2i/32); And' always the operator would hold pressed the subtraction lever'just to thel left of so much of the register reading as is large enough to contain the subt-rahend; and if the amount standing on the fractional wheels 'were less 'While I have above set forth/a particular illustrative embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that the said invention Y is capable of being embodied in Widely various forms and methods of'application, and

- I do notwish to limit it to less than all the possible varia-tions that may be included within the here following 'statement of claim.

I claimr- A 1. In a multiple-order keyboard" adding'- -.machine, in combination: a plurality of nati-ng common fractions of one common ordnal'serie's of keys designating integers; and a plurality of'series of keys all desigmultiple than the subtrahend fraction, the operator,

denominator falue, a left-hand series ofgsaid fractional keys designatlng fractlons having. numerator values that .are progressive multiples of the other numerator values 'of the l tional keys designating fractions having a numerator value in multiple of the numerator value. of fractions designated by, the next adjacent right-hand order of the keys; substantially as specified. f

3. In a. multiple-order key-driven calculating-machine, in combination: addinginechanirsin including numeral-wheels and transfer devices adapted to permit said adding vmechanism to receive prime key-actuations in a plurality of orders simultane-- ously; a plurality of orders of keys designating integers; and a plurality of orders of keys all designating common fractions of one Vcommon denominator value, a left-hand order of said fractional keys designating' fractions having' a 'numerator value in of the numerator value of fractions designated by the next adjacent right-hand order of theykeys, the transferdevices bet-Ween the fractional orders being adapted to impart numeral-wheel movements of the special amplitude requiredfby the fractional lvalues to be transferred; substantially as specified.

4L. In a multiple-order key-driven calculating-machine, in combination: addingmechanism including lnumeral-wheels and transfer devices adapted to permitsaid adding mechanism to receive prime key-actuations in a plurality of orders simultane-l ously, one of said transfer devices beingvfurther adapted to impart to the `next higher numeral-Wheel a proper transfer-movement exceeding one-tenth of a rotation and registering a fractional value greaterjthan onetenth of unity; a plurality of ordinal series of keys designating the integers 0f a decimal notation; and a plurality of series'of keys all designating common. fractions of one common denominator value, a left-hand series of less thanl nine'of said fractional keys designating fractions having numerator values that are multiples o'f the other numeratorvalues of the fractions designated by the next adjacent right-hand series' of keys;

I substantially asrspecied.`

'5. In a multiple-order keyboard addingmachine, yin combination adding-mechanism includigg: series of numeral-Wheels and transfer-mmechanism therefor, one setof said numeral-wheels .designating integers, and

another set, designating fractions all of one common denominator value, a left-hand one of said fractional wheels designating frac.- tions having numerator yvalues that are multiples of the other numerator values of the fractions designated by the next adjacent right-hand numeral-Wheel; and keys cooperating with and determining the adding movements -of the numeral-Wheels, and designating corresponding integers and frac.- tional values; substantially as specified.

G. In a multiple-order keyboard addingmachine, in combination: a ji'i'iirality of ordinal column-actuators having .keys designating integers; anda plurality of columnactuatcrs having keys all designating common f'actions of one common denominator value, a left-hand one of said fractional column-actuators registering fractions having a numerator value in multiple of the numerator value of fractions registered by the next adjacent right-hand column-actuator; substantially as specified.

7. In a multiple-order keyboard addingmachine, in combination: adding-mechanism including a series of numeral-Wheels and transfer-mechanism therefor, one set of said numeral-Wheels designating Y integers, and another set designating fractions all of one common denominator value, a left-hand one of said fractional Wheels registering fractions having a numerator value in multiple of the numerator value of fractions registered by the next adjacent right-hand numeral-Wheel; and keys coperating with and determining the adding movements of the numeral-Wheels, and designating corresponding integers and fractional values; substantially as specified.

S. In a multiple-order keyboard adding-- machine, in combination: adding-mechanism` including a .series of ynumeral-,Wheels and transfer-mechanism therefor, one set of said numeral-Wheelsdesignating integers, and another set designating fractions all of one common denominator value equaling one more than the sum of the respective highest numerator values designated by said fractional-Wheels, a left-hand one of said fractional wheels registering fractions having a numerator value in multiple of the numerator value' of fractions register'ed by the next adjacent right-hand numeral-Wheel; and keys coperating with and determining the adding movements of the'numeral-Wheels, and designating corresponding integers and fractional values; substantially as specified.

9. In an adding-machine, in combination: adding-mechanism including a series of numeral-wheels and transfer-mechanism therefor, one set of said numeral-Wheels designating integers, and another set designating common frac-tions, 'a vleft-hand one of said fractional wheels registerin l common fractions of higher value than, ut readableas one common fractionnngith, the registrations of the next adjacent right-hand fractional numeral Wheel, said right-hand Wheel transferring its accumulated lower fractional values to the higher fractional values on said left-hand Wheel; and manipulative dcvices for determining the registrations of said fractional wheels; lsubstantially as specified. y

10. In a multiple-order keyboard calculating-machine, in combination: a plurality of orders of keys designating integers; and a plurality of orders of keys all designating common fractionsy of one common denominator value, a left-hand order of said fractional lkeys designating fractions having a numerato-r value-in multiple ofthe numerator value of fractions designated by the next adjacent right-hand order of the keys; the fractional keys also bearing negative markings adapting them to'subtractive computa-` tions, the negative marking on each such key being equivalent to the difference between the positive fractional marking of the same key and the highest fractional marking designated in the same order of keys; sub? sta-ntially as specified.

1l. In a multiple-order keyboard addingmachine, in combination: adding-mechanism including a series of numeral-Wheels and transfer-mechanism therefor, one set of said numeral-wheels designating integers. and another set designating fractions all of one common denominator value, a left-hand one of said fractional wheels designating fracu 1 tions havlng numerator lvalues-that\a1e multiples of the other numerator values of the fractions designatedbv thel next; adjacent right-hand numeral-Wheel; and `keys cooperating With and determining the adding movements of the nunieral-Wheelst and designating corresponding i-ntegers and fractional values; the numerators of the fractions on the keys which coperate with the said righthand fractional Wheel being prime; substantially as specified.

12. In a multiple-order kevboard adding machine, in combination: a pluralityT of ordinal column-actuatorshaving keys designating integers; and a pluralitv of columnactuators having keys all designating common fractions of one common denominator value,'a left-hand one of said fractionai. column-actuators registering fractions hav'- ing a numerator value in multiple of the numerator value of fractions registered by the next adjacent right-hand column-actuator; the numerators of the fractions on the. keys which coperate with the said righthand column-actuator being-prime; substantiallv as specified.

13. Ina multiple-order keyboard adding machine, in combination: a .plurality of series of keys al1 designating commonvfractions of one common denominator value,

' comI-)rsingV-a 'ser-res of keys the numerators said denominator may be registered by a of-whose value designations der progresrelatively small number of'keys; substan- 'svely by. a certain number, and comprising tially as specified.

another series of keys the numerators of from unity to one less than the said certain number; and means by which each of said keys registers the value of its designations;

l@ whereby al1 of the possible numeratorsof In witness whereof, I have hereunto set whose value designations differ from each my hand in the presence of two subscribing 15 other progressively by units and extend witnesses.

GEORGE STENINGER BOLLENSEN W'tnesses:

.'1. J. WRIGHT,

HowAlmR. KRoU'r. 

